IoT in Construction: Top Applications and Benefits

The construction industry is changing faster than ever. We are constantly seeing new tools, technologies, and concepts with the potential to revolutionize how structures are designed and built. One such technology is the Internet of Things (IoT).

Thanks to advancements in sensor technology and modern wireless connection speeds, information can be transferred almost instantaneously, allowing for better decision-making, productivity, and an overall safer worksite environment. But what is the Internet of Things, and how does it work?

What is IoT?

The Internet of Things, or IoT for short, is a collective network of electronic devices that constantly send and receive data to each other in real-time. At first glance, this technology doesn’t sound all that ground-breaking when we consider that we live in a world built around the Internet. However, when we take a closer look at the components that make up IoT, we can start to see its revolutionary potential.

Components of IoT

The Internet of Things consists of four major components: sensors, a wireless connection, a data processing program, and a user interface. These simple yet powerful tools allow data to be collected, transferred, analyzed, and viewed.

Sensors – Sensors are fundamental to the Internet of Things. These devices collect data from the environment where they are installed. In a construction setting, data sensors are often installed to monitor temperature, humidity, and light levels, as well as detect motion and on-site traffic. These sensors include:

• Construction Wearables: Smart helmets, vests, glasses, and watches can help monitor worker vital signs, detect falls, and alert project managers of potential hazards, facilitating better on-site safety protocols.
• Smart Components: Building components with built-in sensors, such as HVAC, lighting, and security systems, can be integrated with IoT and controlled remotely, leading to better energy efficiency during and after construction.
• Heavy Machinery Sensors: IoT-enabled machinery can be closely monitored to calculate the most opportune moment for routine maintenance.

Wireless Connection – A wireless connection is what makes IoT possible. Once data is collected by on-site sensors, it can be sent to other devices or a centralized location via a wireless signal like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LTE, or 5G.

Data Processing Program – Information collected by sensors is immediately sent to a data analysis program that can analyze, sort, and distribute it appropriately. In most cases, sensor data is processed by a BIM (building information modeling) or AI (artificial intelligence) software to derive usable insights.

User Interfaces – After data has been collected and processed, it needs to be made available for practical use. This is where a user interface comes into play. Mobile apps are a common choice for construction managers and engineers as they can display critical data needed during construction.

Use Cases of IoT in Construction

The Adoption of IoT into the AEC (architecture, engineering, and construction) fields has introduced various innovative applications that have been proven to significantly enhance safety, efficiency, and project management. Here are five of the most common uses for the Internet of Things in a construction setting.

Use 1: Improved Worker Safety

Construction wearables equipped with IoT sensors can monitor workers’ vital signs and environmental conditions on the job site. These devices can detect potential hazards, such as exposure to harmful gases or extreme temperatures, and immediately alert construction managers. This real-time data collection helps improve site safety and reduce accidents.

Use 2: Streamlined Construction Processes

IoT-enabled systems can integrate with BIM software to provide a comprehensive overview of the construction project. This integration allows for better planning, coordination, and task execution. IoT solutions also support automation and robotics, enhancing workflow and reducing manual labor costs.

Use 3: Predictive Maintenance

Predictive maintenance can be a game-changer in construction efficiency. IoT sensors can monitor the condition of heavy machinery and construction equipment, predicting when maintenance is needed before a breakdown occurs. This proactive approach minimizes downtime, reduces repair costs, and extends the lifespan of valuable equipment.

Use 4: Improving Supply Chain Management

IoT technology enhances supply chain management by providing real-time tracking and inventory management. Sensors and trackers on materials and equipment ensure that construction companies can monitor their supply chain, anticipate shortages, and manage deliveries efficiently. This optimization reduces delays and keeps projects on schedule.

Benefits of Using IoT in Construction

By leveraging IoT-centered real-time data and advanced analytics, AEC companies can streamline workflows, improve construction sustainability, and make better decisions pertaining to their projects. The following four benefits highlight IoT’s efficiency as a construction management tool.

Benefit 1: Improved Decision-Making

IoT technology provides construction firms with a surplus of data analytics, enabling informed decision-making. Real-time data helps stakeholders understand the current project status, identify potential issues, and make timely adjustments. This level of insight is crucial for optimizing the construction process and ensuring project success.

Benefit 2: Enhanced Sustainability

IoT solutions contribute to sustainability in the construction sector by promoting efficient use of resources and reducing waste. Smart sensors can monitor energy consumption, water usage, and material utilization, helping construction companies adopt more sustainable practices. This focus on sustainability not only benefits the environment but also enhances the reputation of construction businesses.

Benefit 3: Better Compliance and Documentation

IoT systems can automatically record data related to compliance and OSHA safety standards. This automatic documentation ensures that construction companies can easily meet regulatory requirements and provide evidence of compliance. It also reduces the administrative burden on project managers and improves the accuracy of records.

Benefit 4: Enhanced Worker Productivity

IoT-enabled wearables and devices can monitor worker productivity and health. By providing insights into worker performance and identifying areas for improvement, these devices help construction managers optimize labor allocation and improve overall productivity. Additionally, ensuring workers’ health and safety leads to higher morale and efficiency.

Conclusion

The Internet of Things represents a digital transformation in the way construction projects are carried out. From improved decision-making to enhanced worker safety, the benefits of IoT almost always justify the initial investment cost. If you are interested in integrating IoT into your construction firm’s workflow, we suggest heading over to the University of Cincinnati’s website and checking out their in-depth guide on How To Choose The Right Sensor For Your IoT Project.